What Is Bridge?
Bridge can be defined as a structure carrying a roadway, path, railway, etc. across a river, road, or other obstacle. In this article different types of bridges are discussed.
Types Of Bridges
The most common types of bridges are described below:
- Beam Bridge
- Arch Bridge
- Cantilever Bridge
- Suspension Bridge
- Cable-stayed Bridge
- Truss Bridge.
1. Beam Bridge
Beam bridges are the simplest bridge type normally consisting of one or more spans, supported by pier or abutment at each end. Beam bridges are usually constructed of RCC or steel or a combination of both RCC and Steel.
The concrete elements used in beam bridges may be reinforced, prestressed or post-tensioned. Types of beam bridges are girder bridges, box girder bridges, plate girder bridges etc.
2. Arch Bridge
As the name suggests, the arch bridge consists of a curve-shaped abutment at each end. Generally, the roadway of the bridge lies on the arch structure.
The arch squeezes together and this squeezing force is carried along the curve to support each end.
The abutments then push back on the arch and prevent the arch ends from spreading apart. The span of arch bridges is normally up to 800 feet and is made of stone, steel, or concrete.
Types of arch bridge:
- Hinge-less arch bridge
- Two hinged arch bridges.
- Three hinged arch bridge
- Tied arch bridge.
3. Cantilever Bridge
The cantilever bridge is constructed using a cantilever span, i.e the span is supported at one end and the other end is opened. Usually, two cantilever parts are joined to make the roadway.
4. Suspension Bridge
In suspension bridge, the deck slab is suspended using ropes, chains, or high tensile strength steel cables.
The roadway hangs from massive steel cables, which are draped over two towers and secured by anchors on both ends of the bridge.
The anchors are made from solid concrete blocks. The cables transfer the loads into compression in the two towers. usually, this type of bridge can span 2000 – 7000 feet.
5. Cable-stayed Bridge
Cable-stayed bridges are similar to suspension bridges as they also use cables but in a different form. They consist of fewer cables and the height of the towers is much greater than the suspension bridge.
6. Truss Bridge
The superstructure of the truss bridge is constructed by using trusses which are comprised of many small elements forming triangular trusses. Truss is used because it is a very rigid structure and it can transfer the load from a single point to a much wider area.
Also Read
Components Of Bridges
Types Of Bridge Foundation
Materials Used In Bridge Construction
Difference Between Bridge And Culvert
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Sir , Good work, it is easy to understand. A lot of thanks