Isolated Column Footing Design
Isolated Column Footing Design: Generally, isolated column footing is square, rectangular or circular in shape. The upper surface of this footing may be flat i.e horizontal, stepped or sloped. The…
Causes Of Failure Of Piles
Causes Of Pile Failure: The various causes of pile failure are as following 1. When pile load is greater than the design load. 2. Poor and defective workmanship while casting…
Advantages And Disadvantages Of Total Station
Total Station Surveying: Surveying is one of the most important jobs which must be done before starting a new construction project. The total station is the latest instrument nowadays most…
Advantages Of Quality Control Of Concrete
Quality Control Of Concrete: Concrete is mainly prepared at the construction site using locally accessible materials of variable properties. Hence the concrete strength differs from one batch to another batch…
Design Of Grillage Foundation
Grillage Foundation Design: Figure 1 demonstrates a simple design of a one tier grillage foundation for a steel stanchion. The bending moment and shear force required for the grillage beam…
Compaction Factor Test
Compaction Factor Test: Theory: The compaction factor test is carried out to measure the degree of workability of fresh concrete with regard to the internal energy required for compacting the…
Site Inspection And Preliminary Investigation
Site Inspection And Preliminary Investigation For Construction: Investigation of a site is the initial step that should be taken before planning and developing a structure. A proper site inspection incorporates…
Waterproofing Of Concrete
Waterproofing Of Concrete: A concrete is said to be well designed when it is properly mixed, compacted, cured and set for making impermeable itself. The uses of waterproofing agents should…
Balanced, Under Reinforced And Over Reinforced Section
Balanced Section: The section in which the quantity of steel is just sufficiently provided that the concrete in compression zone and steel in tension zone reaches to their permissible stresses…
Advantages Of Irrigation System
What Is Irrigation? Irrigation is an artificial water supplying method to the field for nourishing and fulfilling water demand of crops. In irrigation system, water is directly supplied to the…
Doubly Reinforced Beam
Doubly Reinforced Beam: R.C.C beam which comprises of reinforcement both in tension zone, as well as compression zone is called doubly reinforced beam. Doubly reinforced beam is generally adopted in…
Raft Foundation – Advantages And Construction Method
What Is Raft Foundation? Raft foundation is a type of shallow foundation, made of dense reinforced concrete slab covering the total area of the bottom of a structure. Sometimes the…
Design Procedure Of R.C.C Lintel
RCC Lintel Design Procedure: The steps of RCC lintel design (single span or continuous with a few openings) are same as the design of a simple beam. 1. The lintel…
Properties Of Fireproof Materials For Building Construction
Fireproof is an essential term in building construction. The materials used in construction should possess fire resisting properties for better safety and protection. The characteristics of a good fire resisting…
Difference Between Primary, Secondary And Tie Beam
Difference Between Primary, Secondary, And Tie Beam: Beam is one of the most important structural parts of a building. In our previous article, we have already discussed different types of…
Reinforcement Details In Beams And Slabs
Beam Reinforcement Details: Beams are essentially provided with main reinforcement on the tension side for flexure and transverse reinforcement for shear and torsion. Tension Reinforcement: The minimum tension reinforcement is…
8 Causes Of Cracks In Concrete You Should Know
Causes Of Cracks In Concrete Cracking is one of the most common problems in concrete and it should be avoided seriously. Different causes of cracks in concrete are described below.…
Methods Of Concrete Curing
What Is Curing Of Concrete? The process of protecting the moisture of concrete surface and enhancing the hydration of cement is known as curing. The physical properties of concrete totally…
Methods Of Underpinning | What Is Underpinning?
What Is Underpinning? The method of providing a new foundation underneath an existing foundation without disturbing its stability is known as underpinning. Underpinning is necessarily adopted to replace a defective…
Reinforcement Details In Columns
Column Reinforcement Details: Generally, concrete columns consist of square, rectangular or circular cross sectional area. Columns are essentially required with the primary longitudinal reinforcement and lateral ties to avoid buckling…
Difference Between Singly Reinforced Beam & Doubly Reinforced Beam
Singly Reinforced Beam: The beam that is longitudinally reinforced only in tension zone, it is known as singly reinforced beam. In Such beams, the ultimate bending moment and the tension…
Ferrocement – Advantages And Application Of Ferrocement
Ferrocement is a type of thin reinforced concrete in which the cement mortar is reinforced with small diameter steel wire meshes at close intervals. The mortar gives the mass and…
Calculation Of Bricks In A Wall
Calculation Of Bricks In A Wall Estimation of building materials is essentially required before starting a new construction project. In our previous article, we have already discussed how to calculate…
Requirements Of A Good Formwork
Requirements Of A Good Formwork: Formwork is a temporary but rigid structure in which the cast in situ concrete is laid for casting the members to the required shape. It…